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Prediction of cost and emission from Indian coal-fired power plants with CO

Naushita SHARMA, Udayan SINGH, Siba Sankar MAHAPATRA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 149-162 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0482-6

摘要： Coal-fired power plants are one of the most important targets with respect to reduction of CO emissions. The reasons for this are that coal-fired power plants offer localized large point sources (LPS) of CO and that the Indian power sector contributes to roughly half of all-India CO emissions. CO capture and storage (CCS) can be implemented in these power plants for long-term decarbonisation of the Indian economy. In this paper, two artificial intelligence (AI) techniques—adaptive network based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and multi gene genetic programming (MGGP) are used to model Indian coal-fired power plants with CO capture. The data set of 75 power plants take the plant size, the capture type, the load and the CO emission as the input and the COE and annual CO emissions as the output. It is found that MGGP is more suited to these applications with an value of more than 99% between the predicted and actual values, as against the ~96% correlation for the ANFIS approach. MGGP also gives the traditionally expected results in sensitivity analysis, which ANFIS fails to give. Several other parameters in the base plant and CO capture unit may be included in similar studies to give a more accurate result. This is because MGGP gives a better perspective toward qualitative data, such as capture type, as compared to ANFIS.

关键词： carbon capture and storage     power plants     artificial intelligence     genetic programming     neuro fuzzy    

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Integrated benefits of power generation by straw biomass —A case study on the Sheyang Straw Power Plants

Xiaoshun LI , Futian QU , Dongmei JIANG , Peixin ZHU ,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 348-353 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0026-3

摘要： Power generation using straw biomass has quantifiable benefits from an economic, ecological, and sociological perspective in China. The methods used to construct the assessment models of these integrated benefits were the revenue capitalization approach and the discounted-cash-flow approach. The results indicated that a straw power plant with the capacity of 2.50×10 W and burning 1.23×10 tons of cotton straw could annually supply 1.40×10 kWh of power. However, it would not be until six years later that these results could be measured. Over the long term, the gross benefits could reach up to 4.63×10 Yuan. Therefore, the total benefits are expected to be 1.18 × 10 Yuan if all available straw resources are used to generate power. The policy implication showed that the long-term integrated benefits of power generation by straw biomass outweighed the short-term benefits. This is the main incentive to use straw biomass for power generation in the future.

关键词： straw biomass resources     power generation     renewable energy     Sheyang county    

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中国新一代核能用材总体发展战略研究

干勇,赵宪庚,徐匡迪

《中国工程科学》 2019年 第21卷 第1期   页码 1-5 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.01.001

摘要：

材料技术是支撑和保障核工程安全稳定运行的前提和基础。我国现有在役和在建的56台核电机组中有52台是压水堆，钠冷快堆和高温气冷堆正在开展示范工程电站的建设，其他堆型尚处于研究阶段。本文分析了我国新一代核能用材研发、制造、应用过程中存在的共性问题、在役和在建核能工程用材存在的突出问题、在研核能技术用材存在的关键问题，在此基础上提出了我国新一代核能用材的发展战略建议，包括设立国家新一代核能用材专业指导委员会，设立新一代核能用材国家专项基金或长期稳定支持的专项科技计划，创建我国新一代核能用材先进完整标准体系，建设国家层面的共享型工程级辐照实验装置，在独立自主原则下，继续开展新一代核能用材国际合作等。

关键词： 新一代核能     压水堆     核能用材     发展战略    

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Optimization of cold-end system of thermal power plants based on entropy generation minimization

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 956-972 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0785-5

摘要： Cold-end systems are heat sinks of thermal power cycles, which have an essential effect on the overall performance of thermal power plants. To enhance the efficiency of thermal power plants, multi-pressure condensers have been applied in some large-capacity thermal power plants. However, little attention has been paid to the optimization of the cold-end system with multi-pressure condensers which have multiple parameters to be identified. Therefore, the design optimization methods of cold-end systems with single- and multi-pressure condensers are developed based on the entropy generation rate, and the genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize multiple parameters. Multiple parameters, including heat transfer area of multi-pressure condensers, steam distribution in condensers, and cooling water mass flow rate, are optimized while considering detailed entropy generation rate of the cold-end systems. The results show that the entropy generation rate of the multi-pressure cold-end system is less than that of the single-pressure cold-end system when the total condenser area is constant. Moreover, the economic performance can be improved with the adoption of the multi-pressure cold-end system. When compared with the single-pressure cold-end system, the excess revenues gained by using dual- and quadruple-pressure cold-end systems are 575 and 580 k$/a, respectively.

关键词： cold-end system     entropy generation minimization     optimization     economic analysis     genetic algorithm (GA)    

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Potential of performance improvement of concentrated solar power plants by optimizing the parabolic trough

Honglun YANG, Qiliang WANG, Jingyu CAO, Gang PEI, Jing LI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 867-881 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0707-y

摘要： This paper proposes a comprehensive thermodynamic and economic model to predict and compare the performance of concentrated solar power plants with traditional and novel receivers with different configurations involving operating temperatures and locations. The simulation results reveal that power plants with novel receivers exhibit a superior thermodynamic and economic performance compared with traditional receivers. The annual electricity productions of power plants with novel receivers in Phoenix, Sevilla, and Tuotuohe are 8.5%, 10.5%, and 14.4% higher than those with traditional receivers at the outlet temperature of 550°C. The levelized cost of electricity of power plants with double-selective-coated receivers can be decreased by 6.9%, 8.5%, and 11.6%. In Phoenix, the optimal operating temperature of the power plants is improved from 500°C to 560°C by employing a novel receiver. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis of the receiver heat loss, solar absorption, and freeze protection temperature is also conducted to analyze the general rule of influence of the receiver performance on power plants performance. Solar absorption has a positive contribution to annual electricity productions, whereas heat loss and freeze protection temperature have a negative effect on electricity outputs. The results indicate that the novel receiver coupled with low melting temperature molten salt is the best configuration for improving the overall performance of the power plants.

关键词： concentrated solar power     parabolic trough receiver     heat loss     solar energy     annual performance    

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Optimal operation of energy at hydrothermal power plants by simultaneous minimization of pollution and

Homayoun EBRAHIMIAN,Bahman TAHERI,Nasser YOUSEFI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 426-432 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0376-4

摘要： The aim of this paper is simultaneous minimization of hydrothermal units to reach the best solution by employing an improved artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm in a multi-objective function consisting of economic dispatch (ED) considering the valve-point effect and pollution function in power systems in view of the hot water of the hydro system. In this type of optimization problem, all practical constraints of units were taken into account as much as possible in order to comply with the reality. These constraints include the maximum and minimum output power of units, the constraints caused by the balance between supply and demand, the impact of pollution, water balance, uneven production curve considering the valve-point effect and system losses. The proposed algorithm is applied on the studied system, and the obtained results indifferent operating conditions are analyzed. To investigate in various operating conditions, different load profiles in 12 h are taken into account. The obtained results are compared with those of the other methods including the genetic algorithm (GA), the Basu technique, and the improved genetic algorithm. Fast convergence is one of this improved algorithm features.

关键词： practical constraints of units     pollution function     inlet steam valve     up-ramp rate of units     improved ABC algorithm    

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behavior of metallic alloys in molten chloride salts for thermal energy storage in concentrated solar powerplants: A review

Wenjin Ding, Alexander Bonk, Thomas Bauer

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 564-576 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1720-0

摘要：

Recently, more and more attention is paid on applications of molten chlorides in concentrated solar power (CSP) plants as high-temperature thermal energy storage (TES) and heat transfer fluid (HTF) materials due to their high thermal stability limits and low prices, compared to the commercial TES/HTF materials in CSP-nitrate salt mixtures. A higher TES/HTF operating temperature leads to higher efficiency of thermal to electrical energy conversion of the power block in CSP, however causes additional challenges, particularly increased corrosiveness of metallic alloys used as containers and structural materials. Thus, it is essential to study corrosion behaviors and mechanisms of metallic alloys in molten chlorides at operating temperatures (500–800 °C) for realizing the commercial application of molten chlorides in CSP. The results of studies on hot corrosion of metallic alloys in molten chlorides are reviewed to understand their corrosion behaviors and mechanisms under various conditions (e.g., temperature, atmosphere). Emphasis has also been given on salt purification to reduce corrosive impurities in molten chlorides and development of electrochemical techniques to in-situ monitor corrosive impurities in molten chlorides, in order to efficiently control corrosion rates of metallic alloys in molten chlorides to meet the requirements of industrial applications.

关键词： corrosion mechanisms     impurities     metallic corrosion     salt purification     electrochemical techniques    

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Permitted emissions of major air pollutants from coal-fired power plants in China based on best available

Xiaohui Song, Chunlai Jiang, Yu Lei, Yuezhi Zhong, Yanchao Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1065-4

摘要：

We proposed the SO2 and NOx emission performance standards for coal-fired power plants based on the best available control technology.

The CFPGUs’ SO2 emission performance reference values should be 0.34 g/kWh for active units in general areas and 0.13 g/kWh for newly built units and active units in key areas.

The CFPGUs’ NOx emission performance standard reference values should be 0.35 g/kWh for active units in general areas and 0.175 g/kWh for new units and active units in key areas.

关键词： Coal-fired power-generating units (CFPGU)     Emission performance     Best available control technology    

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Framework design of a hybrid energy system by combining wind farm with small gas turbine power plants

Nengsheng BAO, Weidou NI,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 205-210 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0073-2

摘要： Owing to the stochastic characteristic of natural wind speed, the output fluctuation of wind farm has a negative impact on power grid when a large-scale wind farm is connected to a power grid. It is very difficult to overcome this impact only by wind farm itself. A novel power system called wind-gas turbine hybrid energy system was discussed, and the framework design of this hybrid energy system was presented in detail in this paper. The hybrid energy system combines wind farm with several small gas turbine power plants to form an integrated power station to provide a relatively firm output power. The small gas turbine power plant has such special advantages as fast start-up, shutdown, and quick load regulation to fit the requirement of the hybrid energy system. Therefore, the hybrid energy system uses the output from the small gas turbine power plants to compensate for the output fluctuation from the wind farm for the firm output from the whole power system. To put this hybrid energy system into practice, the framework must be designed first. The capacity of the wind farm is chosen according to the capacity and units of small gas turbine power plants, load requirement from power grid, and local wind energy resource distribution. Finally, a framework design case of hybrid energy system was suggested according to typical wind energy resource in Xinjiang Autonomous Region in China.

关键词： framework design     hybrid energy system     wind farm     gas turbine power plants    

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Techno-economic assessment of pulverized coal boilers and IGCC power plants with CO 2 capture

Y. HUANG, S. REZVANI, D. McILVEEN-WRIGHT, N. HEWITT, J. MONDOL, A. MINCHENER,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 196-206 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0237-y

摘要： The current studies on power plant technologies suggest that Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) systems are an effective and economic CO capture technology pathway. In addition, the system in conventional configuration has the advantage of being more “CO capture ready” than other technologies. Pulverized coal boilers (PC) have, however, proven high technical performance attributes and are economically often most practical technologies. To highlight the pros and cons of both technologies in connection with an integrated CO capture, a comparative analysis of ultrasupercritical PC and IGCC is carried out in this paper. The technical design, the mass and energy balance and the system optimizations are implemented by using the ECLIPSE chemical plant simulation software package. Built upon these technologies, the COcapture facilities are incorporated within the system. The most appropriate CO capture systems for the PC system selected for this work are the oxy-fuel system and the postcombustion scheme using Monoethanolamine solvent scrubber column (MEA). The IGCC systems are designed in two configurations: Water gas shift reactor and Selexol-based separation. Both options generate CO-rich and hydrogen rich-gas streams. Following the comparative analysis of the technical performance attributes of the above cycles, the economic assessment is carried out using the economic toolbox of ECLIPSE is seamlessly connected to the results of the mass and energy balance as well as the utility usages. The total cost assessment is implemented according to the step-count exponential costing method using the dominant factors and/or a combination of parameters. Subsequently, based on a set of assumptions, the net present value estimation is implemented to calculate the breakeven electricity selling prices and the CO avoidance cost.

关键词： breakeven electricity     ECLIPSE     technical performance     appropriate     economic    

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Dynamic modelling and simulation of a post-combustion CO capture process for coal-fired power plants

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 198-209 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2057-7

摘要： Solvent-based post-combustion capture technologies have great potential for CO2 mitigation in traditional coal-fired power plants. Modelling and simulation provide a low-cost opportunity to evaluate performances and guide flexible operation. Composed by a series of partial differential equations, first-principle post-combustion capture models are computationally expensive, which limits their use in real time process simulation and control. In this study, we propose a first-principle approach to develop the basic structure of a reduced-order model and then the dominant factor is used to fit properties and simplify the chemical and physical process, based on which a universal and hybrid post-combustion capture model is established. Model output at steady state and trend at dynamic state are validated using experimental data obtained from the literature. Then, impacts of liquid-to-gas ratio, reboiler power, desorber pressure, tower height and their combination on the absorption and desorption effects are analyzed. Results indicate that tower height should be designed in conjunction with the flue gas flow, and the gas-liquid ratio can be optimized to reduce the reboiler power under a certain capture target.

关键词： CO2 capture     post-combustion capture     simulation     dominant factor    

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Exergy-energy analysis of full repowering of a steam power plant

S. NIKBAKHT NASERABAD,K. MOBINI,A. MEHRPANAHI,M. R. ALIGOODARZ

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 54-67 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0342-6

摘要： A 320 MW old steam power plant has been chosen for repowering in this paper. Considering the technical conditions and working life of the power plant, the full repowering method has been selected from different repowering methods. The power plant repowering has been analyzed for three different feed water flow rates: a flow rate equal to the flow rate at the condenser exit in the original plant when it works at nominal load, a flow rate at maximum load, and a flow rate when all the extractions are blocked. For each flow rates, two types of gas turbines have been examined: V94.2 and V94.3A. The effect of a duct burner has then been investigated in each of the above six cases. Steam is produced by a double-pressure heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) with reheat which obtains its required heat from the exhaust gases coming from the gas turbines. The results obtained from modeling and analyzing the energy-exergy of the original steam power plant and the repowered power plant indicate that the maximum efficiency of the repowered power plant is 52.04%. This maximum efficiency occurs when utilizing two V94.3A gas turbines without duct burner in the steam flow rate of the nominal load.

关键词： full repowering     exergy analysis     V94.2 and V94.3A gas turbines     double-pressure HRSG     duct burner     Bandarabbas steam power plant     efficiency    

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FLOWERING PLANTS AND ENTOMOPHAGOUS ARTHROPODS IN THE AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE: A PRACTISE-ORIENTED SUMMARY

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第1期   页码 63-74 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021427

摘要：

There is a growing demand for high-quality agricultural products and more countries have adopted landscape management by sowing flowering plants in agricultural fields as an important branch of conservation biological control. However, there has been less concern over the interactions and trade-offs between floral plants and entomophagous arthropods. This paper review progress in pollen/nectar feeding habits of entomophagous insects including parasitoids and predators which are important natural enemies of crop pests in agricultural fields. Factors that influence the preference of different guilds of natural enemies are reviewed to guide the selection of flowering plants in conservation biological control practices. Most studies find that floral resources have positive effects on both biological traits of natural enemies and their abundance and diversity, and this is believed to contribute greatly to pest control. Furthermore, the potential impacts of floral resources on crop yields are also discussed with an emphasis on a guild of entomophagous insects that provides both pest control and pollination services.

 

关键词： ecosystem services / flowering plants / natural enemies / nectar / pollen    

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海洋核动力装备国内外发展现况与前景展望

郑洁,余凡,朱军民,柳存根,王欣月,朱英富

《中国工程科学》 2023年 第25卷 第3期   页码 62-73 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.03.007

摘要：

海洋核动力装备是解决深远海资源开发中持久动力能源供给、海洋领域“碳减排”等问题的重要支撑。我国作为核电 大国、海洋大国，虽然在核工业和海洋装备产业领域具有较好的优势基础，但在民用海洋核动力装备领域尚未实现“从零到 一”的突破。本文基于对国内外海洋核动力装备发展实践研究，总结了海洋核动力装备的优势特性和技术策源，分析了未来 海洋核动力装备发展的应用场景和主要趋势，厘清了我国发展海洋核动力装备的战略需求与问题，并提出了相关发展建议。 研究认为海洋核动力装备总体呈现由军用向民用拓展、由陆地向海洋拓展的发展趋势，技术策源以紧凑型和一体化压水堆为 主，装备类型近期将聚焦于海上浮动核电站和核动力破冰船。研究建议，通过顶层规划明确我国海洋核动力装备发展的重点 应用场景，通过建立示范工程形成与发展需求相匹配的法规标准和监管制度等措施，突破海洋堆系统建造和核动力平台总装 建造等方面的关键技术，推动海洋核动力装备高质量发展。

关键词： 海洋核动力装备；小型模块化反应堆；压水堆；核动力船舶；海上浮动核电站    

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Gene-editing in plants no longer requires tissue culture

Yi ZHANG, Michael PALMGREN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第2期   页码 229-230 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020330

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Prediction of cost and emission from Indian coal-fired power plants with CO

Naushita SHARMA, Udayan SINGH, Siba Sankar MAHAPATRA

期刊论文

Integrated benefits of power generation by straw biomass —A case study on the Sheyang Straw Power Plants

Xiaoshun LI , Futian QU , Dongmei JIANG , Peixin ZHU ,

期刊论文

中国新一代核能用材总体发展战略研究

干勇,赵宪庚,徐匡迪

期刊论文

Optimization of cold-end system of thermal power plants based on entropy generation minimization

期刊论文

Potential of performance improvement of concentrated solar power plants by optimizing the parabolic trough

Honglun YANG, Qiliang WANG, Jingyu CAO, Gang PEI, Jing LI

期刊论文

Optimal operation of energy at hydrothermal power plants by simultaneous minimization of pollution and

Homayoun EBRAHIMIAN,Bahman TAHERI,Nasser YOUSEFI

期刊论文

behavior of metallic alloys in molten chloride salts for thermal energy storage in concentrated solar powerplants: A review

Wenjin Ding, Alexander Bonk, Thomas Bauer

期刊论文

Permitted emissions of major air pollutants from coal-fired power plants in China based on best available

Xiaohui Song, Chunlai Jiang, Yu Lei, Yuezhi Zhong, Yanchao Wang

期刊论文

Framework design of a hybrid energy system by combining wind farm with small gas turbine power plants

Nengsheng BAO, Weidou NI,

期刊论文

Techno-economic assessment of pulverized coal boilers and IGCC power plants with CO 2 capture

Y. HUANG, S. REZVANI, D. McILVEEN-WRIGHT, N. HEWITT, J. MONDOL, A. MINCHENER,

期刊论文

Dynamic modelling and simulation of a post-combustion CO capture process for coal-fired power plants

期刊论文

Exergy-energy analysis of full repowering of a steam power plant

S. NIKBAKHT NASERABAD,K. MOBINI,A. MEHRPANAHI,M. R. ALIGOODARZ

期刊论文

FLOWERING PLANTS AND ENTOMOPHAGOUS ARTHROPODS IN THE AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE: A PRACTISE-ORIENTED SUMMARY

期刊论文

海洋核动力装备国内外发展现况与前景展望

郑洁,余凡,朱军民,柳存根,王欣月,朱英富

期刊论文

Gene-editing in plants no longer requires tissue culture

Yi ZHANG, Michael PALMGREN

期刊论文